The DMK is a symmetric key, just like you find with column-level encryption. In the TDE encryption hierarchy, the SMK sits below the DPAPI, and a DMK sits below the SMK. You can use the key to encrypt credentials, linked server passwords, and the database master keys (DMKs) residing in different databases. SQL Server creates the SMK the first time the instance is started. In TDE encryption hierarchy the Windows Data Protection API (DPAPI) sits at the top of the hierarchy and is used to encrypt the service master key (SMK), a symmetric key that resides in the master database. TDE requires planning but can be implemented without changing the database. The data in unencrypted data files can be read by restoring the files to another server. Without the original encryption certificate and master key, the data cannot be read when the drive is accessed or the physical media is stolen. Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) encrypts the data within the physical files of the database, the 'data at rest'. Encrypting data at rest can help prevent those with malicious intent from being able to read the data should they manage to access the files.
TDE protects the physical media that hold the data associated with a user database, including the data and log files and any backups or snapshots. With the release of SQL Server 2008, Microsoft expanded the database engine’s security capabilities by adding Transparent Data Encryption (TDE), a built-in feature for encrypting data at rest. Also, include provisions to store the key off-site.īACKUP SERVICE MASTER KEY TO FILE = 'path_to_file'Īs this requires a password, take care to ensure it is not exposed to unauthorized persons or stored as plain text.13029 views 0 minutes to read Contributors Introduction Include in the procedures methods to establish evidence of backup and storage, and careful, restricted access and restoration of the Service Master Key. If procedures do not indicate access restrictions to the Service Master Key backup, this is a finding.ĭocument and implement procedures to safely back up and store the Service Master Key. If the procedures do not indicate offline and off-site storage of the Service Master Key, this is a finding. If the procedures or evidence does not exist, this is a finding. Review procedures for, and evidence of backup of, the Server Service Master Key in the System Security Plan. MS SQL Server 2016 Instance Security Technical Implementation Guideĭetails Check Text ( C-15190r313702_chk ) Not having this key can lead to loss of data during recovery. Creating this backup should be one of the first administrative actions performed on the server. Backup and recovery of the Service Master Key may be critical to the complete recovery of the database.
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